The acquisition of nationality for "jus soli", that is, by birth within the national territory, varies widely in the major countries of the European Union and the United States.
Here is a card with the founding principles of the laws of some countries with high immigration.
1. UK: Buy British nationality who was born on British soil by a single parent who is already a British citizen at birth, or is legally resident in the country under certain conditions (you must have the'Indefinite leave to remain '(ILR), or' Right of Abode '). Nationality can also be purchased for "jus sanguinis", that is, by descent, but only if at least one parent is already a British citizen, in turn, not to jus sanguinis. For naturalization, if you are married to a British citizen, you only need the ILR and have been legally resident at least three years. Otherwise, serve five years of legal residence. In both cases you must pass a test of English and British culture.
2. France : It was French by birth in France if both parents are French, even if naturalized. Who was born but foreign nationals, if you have had at least 5 years of residence in France from the age of 11 years and must submit a request to the age (18 years), can acquire citizenship. You can become French citizens ius sanguinis to children if you are a French citizen, regardless of the birth parent in France or not. The process of naturalization (which is not automatic) requires at least five years of residence, but is reduced to two for those who have studied in a "Grand Ecole". Citizens of some French-speaking countries can be seen condoning the period of residence required.
3. Germany : In general, citizenship is acquired by jus sanguinis. However, children born from 1 January 2000 in Germany from non-German parents acquire nationality if at least one parent has a permanent residence permit for at least three years and has lived in Germany for at least eight years. These people, however, should make explicit request for citizenship within 23 years. The children of a parent even in Germany (since 1975) are usually German citizens, regardless of whether the parent was born or naturalized in Germany. Since 1999, if the parent is German but who was also born outside Germany, you need a registration as a German citizen within 12 months after birth.
Naturalization can be obtained after 8 years of legal residence and permanent, but only after a detailed examination of language and provided to demonstrate its economic viability. Generally naturalization implies to renounce other nationality, except for other EU countries on condition of reciprocity. Exceptions are applicable to one who is married to a German national, who may apply for naturalization after three years if the marriage lasted at least two years. Furthermore, the excess of special "integration courses" can be reduced to seven the number of years of residence.
4. Holland: In Holland, in general, birth in the territory does not guarantee citizenship. Instead those born after 1985 by a Dutch mother and father, or married or unmarried Dutch mother, automatically acquires Dutch nationality, even if born outside the territory. The simplified naturalization (cd option) is possible for someone born in Holland, the Netherlands Antilles or Aruba, and has been resident since birth or for three years continuously, or in another series of cases including marriage to a Dutch citizen that lasts for at least three years. This procedure does not involve the requirement to renounce foreign citizenship. The simplified naturalization foresees the need to have at least 18 years, a permanent residence permit, 5 years of continuous residence (with several exceptions), the absence penal measures against over the past four years and passing a test of language and culture.
5. Spain : Citizenship is acquired by birth to a English mother or father, or birth on the territory even by foreigners, but at least one of which must also be born in Spain. For naturalization, legal residency after 10 years, but this time is reduced to two years for citizens of Latin American countries and other countries with special links with Spain. The time is reduced to one year in case of birth on the territory or marriage to a English citizen.
6. Switzerland : Buy citizenship (whether or not born in Switzerland) who is the son of Swiss mother or father, if married, or one Swiss parent, if the parents are not married. The land law in itself does not confer the right of citizenship. Who is married to a Swiss citizen may be naturalized under the simplified procedure, if he was married at least 3 years old and lived in Switzerland for at least 5 years, but must demonstrate its integration with "the style of Swiss life." Naturalisation is possible for anyone with a permanent residence and lived in Switzerland for 12 years. You should speak well of the four national languages \u200b\u200band demonstrate its integration into the Swiss way of life.
7. U.S. : Yes to the 'jus soli': those born in the U.S. American citizen, unless he is the son of diplomats, foreign residents, regardless of the nationality of their parents. It 'also an American citizen who was born abroad, if both parents are American and at least one was a resident in the United States. Just a single parent if the U.S. has lived in the U.S. at least 5 years before the birth of at least 2 after the 14th birthday. It can also become American by naturalization: after 18 years of age, if you have a permanent residence permit in the U.S. and has lived in the U.S. for five years less 90 days from the date of application. Are reduced to three years less 90 days if the permit has been acquired Cittadino per matromonio with an American.
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